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Vestiges of An Enduring Conflict

15 images Created 5 Mar 2019

In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions, quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."

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  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: A view of SPLA/M-N controlled territory from the only dirt road connecting the Yida "host community" in South Sudan to the Nuba Mountains in the north, near the Sudan border. Founded in 2011 by Samaritan’s Purse, and strategically located near the border with Sudan, Yida was originally established to provide refuge for for the thousands of Nuba refugees fleeing persecution by the Sudan government in the nearby Nuba Mountains. Within three years, Yida had grown to a population of 75,000 – representing refugees from across the region. Two additional refugee camps, Adjuonthok and Pamir, were then created to disperse the steady influx of refugees fleeing conflict. The road between the Nuba Mountains in the north and the refugee camps in the south is extremely difficult to traverse, flooding often during the rainy season. It is maintained entirely by the military under the command of Abdul Aziz Adam al-Hilu, current chairperson of the Sudan People's Liberation Army-North. <br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_03_07.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: The remains of student dormitories stand untouched after a 2014 bombing destroyed much of Hieban Bible Institute. During the bombing, six children from the same family were killed when a parachute bomb dropped near the Institute’s entrance. Four other adults also perished nearby from bombs dropped by high flying cargo planes repurposed by the Sudan Armed Forces, which regularly carry out inaccurate but devastating bombing campaigns in predominantly civilian areas.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_10_05.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: A foxhole can be seen on the property of the former State Hospital in Kouda, where four parachute bombs were dropped in 2014. Miraculously, none of the ordinances exploded, and can still be seen protruding from the ground surrounding the hospital compound.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_08_02.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: Travelers pass on foot between Hieban town and Kouda, the cultural center of Hieban County.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_09_06.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: An unexploded bomb can be seen on the property of the former State Hospital in Kouda, where four parachute bombs were dropped in 2014. Miraculously, none of the ordinances exploded, and can still be seen protruding from the ground surrounding the hospital compound.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_07_05.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: An unexploded bomb can be seen on the property of the former State Hospital in Kouda, where four parachute bombs were dropped in 2014. Miraculously, none of the ordinances exploded, and can still be seen protruding from the ground surrounding the hospital compound.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_08_03.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: A view near Kouda, the primary cultural center for the Nuba in Hieban County.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_11_04.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 7, 2018: Defected soldiers of the Sudan Armed Forces in the town of Kororak. After their capture and a subsequent period of imprisonment by the SPLA/M-N, the soldiers have been freed and now live independently among the Nuba, their former enemies.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_05_07.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: A current view of the ground near the 2014 bombing which destroyed much of Hieban Bible Institute. During the bombing, six children from the same family were killed when a parachute bomb dropped near the Institute’s entrance. Four other adults also perished nearby from bombs dropped by high flying cargo planes repurposed by the Sudan Armed Forces, which regularly carry out inaccurate but devastating bombing campaigns in predominantly civilian areas.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_10_06.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: The current view of a landscape near the 2014 bombing which destroyed much of Hieban Bible Institute. During the bombing, six children from the same family were killed when a parachute bomb dropped near the Institute’s entrance. Four other adults also perished nearby from bombs dropped by high flying cargo planes repurposed by the Sudan Armed Forces, which regularly carry out inaccurate but devastating bombing campaigns in predominantly civilian areas.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_10_07.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: The remains of the 2014 parachute bomb that destroyed much of Hieban Bible Institute and killed six children from the same family is displayed hung from a tree within compound's perimeter. Four other adults also perished nearby during the raid from bombs dropped by high flying cargo planes repurposed by the Sudan Armed Forces, which regularly carry out inaccurate but devastating bombing campaigns in predominantly civilian areas.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_10_09.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: Schoolteacher Medina Tutu Kafe instructs her choir students at Kororak School. <br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_05_04.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: A woman prepares to plant crops on the outskirts of Kouda, the cultural center of Hieban County.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_12_02.jpg
  • NUBA MOUNTAINS, SUDAN – JUNE 9, 2018: Travelers pass on foot between Hieban town and Kouda, the cultural center of Hieban County.<br />
<br />
In 2011, the government of Sudan expelled all humanitarian groups from the country’s Nuba Mountains. Since then, the Antonov aircraft has terrorized the Nuba people, dropping more than 4,080 bombs on hospitals, schools, marketplaces and churches. Today, vestiges of the Antonov riddle the landscapes of daily life, where more than 1 million Nuba live in famine conditions – quietly enduring the humanitarian blockade intended to drive them out of the region. The skies are mostly clear. Yet the collective memory of the bombings remains an open wound, and the Antonov itself a persistent threat. So frequent were the attacks that the Nuba nicknamed the high flying aircraft and its dismal hum: "Gafal-nia ja,” they would declare, running to the hillsides. “The loss of appetite has come."
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_09_07.jpg
  • JUBA, SOUTH SUDAN – JUNE 1, 2018: An aerial view of the White Nile near Juba, the capital city of Jubek state, in the Republic of South Sudan.
    180600_PPF_SUDAN_BobMiller_01_08.jpg
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